Employee Diversity Assignment

Employee Diversity Contents: 1. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 2. Advantages of employee diversity to organization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 1. Advantage of Language diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦2-3 2. Advantage of Gender diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 3. Advantage of Age diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3-4 3. The problem of employee diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦4 1. Communication problem†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4-5 2. Gender discrimination problem†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 4. Solutions to the problem of employee diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5-6 1. Solutions of communication†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 2.Solutions of gender discrimination†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 5. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6-7 Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦8 1. Introduction: The employee diversity can be defined as the employment of people with different qualities and back grounds. The most fundamental of the definition of employee diversity are focus on race, gender, nationality, age. According to (Nancy R, June 2005), fast technological change, g lobalization, the demand for skills and education, an aging workforce and greater ethnic diversification in the labor market have greatly influenced the arrangement of diversity today.Today’s definition of employee diversity includes race, age, ethnicity, gender or personality and work style, secondary influence such as religion, socioeconomics and education. Nowadays, employee diversity is very population the work place. It has advantages also accompanied by the disadvantages. 2. Advantages of employee diversity to the organizations 2. 1. Advantage of Language diversity: In the organization if the employees are speaking different languages, it may bring some benefits to the organization.For example, in the one company if the staffs speak not only one language, when the company need some staff to go overseas to join some meetings or do some inspections and research. So the company can only pick up some staffs that can speak those countries’ languages and send them for the meetings or inspections instead of find out some translators or even spend money to hire some consultants. It really can save the expenditure for the company. Nowadays, if a company want to be succeed, it really need to be able to better integrate into this world and also need to broaden their horizons.The employees are the main force of the company; their performances are really affecting the company’s future. The employees’ language diversity can help the company to explore more overseas markets and make them more competitive. 2. 2. Advantage of Gender diversity Gender diversity also has its own advantages for organization. In an era, people change their ways of thinking the gender diversity in the work place. They realized that not only men can do every work in the work place. Now, women are becoming more and more important in organization. Nowadays women have the skill set for the new competitive demands of technical work.Companies agree that they need more tec hnical leaders with varied skills such as interpersonal skills and business skills. 93% of technical leaders in a survey indentified the building of collaborative networks in an organization as a crucial component of leadership (White, B, 2006). Women have the skills to meet the new demands of technological work both in terms of technical and interpersonal skills (Tray, L, 2007). Of course interpersonal skills are really needed in the organization; it is very useful and helpful for running the organization.All those show that women are indeed more suitable for certain parts of organization. These are also the advantages of gender diversity. 2. 3. Advantage of Age diversity Age diversity has its own advantages in the workplace. Nowadays in the work place, there are many different age levels of workers. One part of them is old workers. More and more old workers in the work place are the current trend. Because now, people are retiring much later in life than before and their careers ar e extended in the present day.According to the research by United States Department of Labor shows that between 1977 and 2007 employment of workers 65 and over increased 101 percent, compared to a much smaller increase of 59 percent for total employment (16 and over). For those older workers they all worked long time in the work place, definitely they got more experience and knowledge than the young age workers. Those of them can transfer knowledge and experience to the new workers. It can help the organization save the expenditure for sending the new workers for training.And the old workers’ experience can help the new workers avoid some common mistakes. In the other hand, nowadays in the work place there are also many young age workers. They also can bring the benefits to the organization. Compare with older workers, younger workers are more creative and innovation. They can help the organization to make better decision and improve problem solving (Harvey, Carol P; M. June Allard, 2012). Nowadays, if the organization wants to remain competitive, it should encourage the staff to distribute a variety of ideas which leads to higher levels of innovation.This part of workers is really a new vitality of organization and they can help organization to keep up with the pace of the times. 3. The problems of employee diversity Consider the employee diversity in the work place. Besides the benefits, there are many problems come out as well. And all these problems may lead to loss for the organization. Below two problems are very common in the work place. 3. 1. Communication problem Communication barriers will lead to problems in the organization. For example, if a manager gives instructions about completing a task to a staff.But this staff fails to fully understanding the instructions because of the language barrier. And then the staff may make mistakes if he tries to complete the task without receiving clarify or even don’t know what the task it is. This problem will cause the delay of the task complete or even fail. It will really cause the losses for the company. And if during a team work, the staffs have communication problem. It will affect the efficiency of work and sometimes it will affect the relationships of the teammates.And also because of the employees may come from different countries, so they may have their own work styles and behaviors and those situations also can cause communication problems among the employees. And finally affect the organization’s benefit. 3. 2. Gender discrimination problem Gender discrimination is another very common phenomenon in the work place. According to the traditional thinking, women have been considered intellectually inferior to men and men are more capable than women at work. Thus, in the workplace, under the same conditions men will get more opportunity to be promoted than women.Same as in the management level, women’s suggestion and ideas sometimes will be ignored or una ccepted. Above phenomenon have also can led to the lack of teamwork and inefficiency work. And this is also a reason of pay-gap between male and female workers. Sometimes the gender discrimination even happened in the recruitment. During the interview men really get high chance to get the job than women. According to a survey conducted by the center for Women’s law and legal services of Peking University in 2009 (Women’s Law and Legal services, 2009).This survey researched 3,000 female employees over one year’s time and got the results by analyzing data interviewed some women employees. According to employers set different criteria in recruitment and women have to have excellent performance than their male competitors in interview to get the same job. More than 1/3 of those women said that male employees are easy to get promoted and priority is always given to male employees. This is fully illustrated gender discrimination really happened in the work place and i t becomes a big problem in the workplace. . Solutions to the problem of employee diversity Regarding the problems of employee diversity in the work place, we need to get some solutions to avoid or solve them. In case of these problems damage the interests of organization. 4. 1. Solution to communication problem: ? Training: Employees could be provided proper training to receive in certain language courses if they have language barriers. They also need to be trained how to use the organization internally information system such as telephone system, e-mail system. Set a SOP for staff to check the work has been access properly: Communication problem always caused by misunderstanding and ambiguity and finally lead to loss for the organization. The organization leaders can set some SOPs for staff to make sure the work and information has been implemented properly. In the SOPs may include the instructions of work process and double check procedures. 2. Solutions of gender discrimination: ? Set the relevant regulation of gender discriminations: Make sure the employee handbook includes anti-gender discrimination policies.Create clear examples of gender discrimination to clarify any questions employees may have. And organize the staffs review and test regularly. ? Put reflected box in the work place: In the organization it can be set the reflected box in the work place to encourage and promote the staff to reflect any problems especially the gender discrimination. Once the phenomenon happened, the organization should resolve it quickly and given the appropriate punishment. 4. Conclusion The employee diversity is a reflection of a present trend of this times. Diverse work teams can bring high value and benefit to organizations.Respecting individual differences will benefit the work place by creating a competitive edge and increase work productivity. But work diversity also causes many problems and they also can lead to loss for the organization. Therefore, we need corre ct to face and deal with the employee diversity. Words:1486 Reference †¢ Eisenberg, Eric M. ; H. L. Goodall, Jr. & Angela Trethewey (2010). Organizational Communication (6th ed. ). St. Martin's: Bedford. pp. 250–58 †¢ Harvey. Carol P; M. June Allard. Understanding and Managing Diversity(5th ed) Boston: Person. Harvey, Carol P. (2012). Understanding and Managing Diversity. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.. pp. 51–55. ISBN 0-13-255311-2 †¢ Nancy R, June 2005 , Retrieved 19 May, 2012 (http:web. ebscohost. com. ezproxy. utas. edu. ) †¢ Tay, L. IT goes soft for career oriented women. Computer World, 2007 P18-21 †¢ United States Department of Labor , July 2008, Retrieved 19 May, 2012 (http:www. dol. gov/spotlight/index. html), †¢ White, B, Leading Technical Professionals 2006, P21-22, †¢ Women’s Law and Legal Services (2009, April 16) Workers’ Daily, P. A5,A6

The Incredible Hulk Review

{draw:g} â€Å"10 out of 10† says everyone! If not it is because they must be green with envy at the magnum opus that was synthesised by Louis Leterrier himself! But still no contest to the first film. â€Å"Unleash the fury† was the tagline for the intellectual production, which is â€Å"The Incredible Hulk† we can certainly say the viewers were filled with fury when the film came to an abrupt and odd ending when the wrecked city faded away with no questions answered. The film was far from incredible, I would say†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ unconceivable and that alone wouldn’t put a smile on my face. The film opens with the traditional Marvel trademark guarantying another larger-than-life, adrenaline filled and gleaming adaptation summoned from Stan Lee’s genius psyche. We have a glance into the terrible accident that ruined Bruce Banner’s (Edward Norton) life, a brilliant (or terrible? ) experiment involving gamma radiation that renders a monstrous alter-ego that convenes when Bruce’s anger meter reaches boiling point. We witness where he has been lowered to; a favela in Brazil where the fear of being shipped off to a Government facility to be experimented on dominates his every thought. We see a little box that reads: Days without Incidence: 145. His efforts to hide himself from recognition have failed him when a single drop of blood oozes from his finger and we get a close up of the betraying blood as it cascades towards the empty bottles, Louis’s camera shot created the effect of a dramatic fall because of the sheer speed at which the blood fell. The Government catch way of the concealed fugitive and the chase is on. The battle begins in the streets of the favela town and the end is inevitable. Yes, the hulk does demonstrate his effortless ability to destroy and exterminate things and yes, the Government agents go flying†¦.. But after the big brawl that trashed the town and left all Government agents hospitalised Bruce finds himself randomly in North America and the little box comes up again: Days without incidence: 0. He ventures to Culver University: were the hulk was born. He accidentally meets the love of his life, Betty (Liv Tyler) who was dating psychiatrist Leonard Samson (Ty Burrel) who is swiftly aborted when her eyes find themselves staring at Bruce, the connection is rapidly re-established. They seem to fall helplessly in love and their journey starts to try finding a cure in the hands of Mr Blue†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ In the intervening time a Government soldier named Blonsky (Tim Roth) has been put forward for a test to bestow the powers of the incredible hulk; enhanced strength, speed, agility, reflexes, endurance and healing. without the defect of massive size and loss of control. He slowly obtains the urge to become more powerful once he saw what the Hulk could do in a brilliant scene where Bruce had been driven to a glass bridge and gassed shadowing the talented Bruce to renovate into the highly powerful Hulk, the camera shot –A big close up- was effective because it slowly zoomed in to add anticipation to see what was going on in the glass bridge, Bruce is rapidly angered and he metamorphosis’s to the hulk then a huge green hand pounds against the glass, the soldiers pupils dilate at the fear inside them. The soldiers run like ants compared with the hulk when he smashing the glass and its integrate with one swoop. They learn that Sterns has developed a possible antidot that may cure Banner's condition, or merely reverse each individual transformation. After a successful test, Sterns reveals that he has synthesized Banner's blood sample (which he sent from Brazil) into a large supply with the intention of using it to bring humans to the next evolutionary level. Appalled by what Sterns had done and fearful of the Hulk's power falling into the wrong hands, Banner attempts to convince Sterns to destroy the blood supply, but he is attacked by Ross' forces and taken into custody with Betty. While Sterns is interrogated by a female soldier about his work, Blonsky strikes her down and demands that Sterns inject him with Banner's blood sample, as he covets the awesome power of the Hulk. Sterns warns that the combination of the super soldier formula (which Blonsky has overdosed on, slightly deforming his skeleton) and a gamma treatment would be an unpredictable combination that could turn him into an â€Å"abomination†. Unconcerned, Blonsky forces Sterns to administer the gamma charge, and he mutates into a hideous monster, with strength and power that surpasses that of the Hulk, but retaining Blonsky's intelligence and personality. He knocks Sterns aside and escapes, rampaging through the city to draw the Hulk out. At the lab, an irradiated sample of Banner's blood-derivative drips into an open wound on Sterns' temple, causing his head to mutate and expand, much to his delight.

Aaron Beck †The father of cognitive therapy Essay

Aaron T. Beck is considered the father of cognitive therapy was born on July 18, 1921 in Providence Rhode Island. His mother, Elizabeth Temkin, married his father, Harry Beck, in 1909. He is the youngest of five children. Aaron Beck notes that his mother was quite depressed prior to his birth due to the loss of two of her children. Beck was born two years after his only sister died of influenza. He believed himself to be a replacement child for his sister. Beck says he takes joy in the idea that, even at a young age, he was able to cure his mother’s depression. Beck attended Brown University and received many awards and honors in academic excellence. He graduated magna cum laude. After graduating from Brown University he went on to receive his medical degree and then his PH.D from Yale. During his internship, Aaron Beck met Phyllis Whitman. She was a student at the Hillel Foundation, the girls’ school at Brown University. The couple married on June 4, 1950, in Providence. She completed a law degree while raising their four children. She served as a superior court judge in Pennsylvania. Beck became interested in psychoanalysis while doing his internship at Rhode Island Hospital. Although Beck spent most of his career studying psychoanalysis, in the 1960’s Beck’s research deviated significantly from traditional psychoanalytic methods, focusing instead on distorted thoughts that led to problematic behaviors. He struggled to find a way to help his depressed client’s better capture their emotions. He realized that many of his depressed clients experienced recurring negative thought and that as long as they believed these thoughts to be true, they would continue to have symptoms of depression. He theorized that in order to change the symptoms, he much change their distorted thinking. This belief led to the development of cognitive behavioral therapy. (Famous psychologist) Beck took a position at the University of Pennsylvania in 1954 in the psychiatry department, which is where he developed the depression research clinic. Beck began to work more intensely on his cognitive approach to depression, In1952, he published his first psychiatric article, a case study about treatment of schizophrenic delusion. It was the first of numerous publications he made that were later on recognized as significant precursor to the development of cognitive therapy. In 1961, he developed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The BDI is one of the most widely used and referenced scales of depression. It is a 21 item scale that uses a Likert scale to determine the  severity of depression symptoms. Even though the scale is now revered as one of the well-constructed scales and useful, those in the psychiatric department at Penn did not receive the idea so well. In 1967, Beck became an associate professor; however, he only received a one year extension on his depression grant. Beck stared working from home, and this turned out to be just what he needed, and he produced his first book, Depression: Clinical Experimental and Theoretical Aspects. From here his work at the University of Pennsylvania began to pick up, and in 1971 he was awarded full professor status.

Project planning and implementation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Project planning and implementation - Assignment Example Supporting Process Plans 14 4.1 Code of practice: Ethical issues for the B-Spoke Bikes project 14 4.2 Legal issues 15 4.3 Quality Assurance 15 4.4 Project support and maintenance 16 The system will be supported by the existing network system. The systems will also depend on other departments such as finance and human resource. The maintenance of the database system will be done by the IT specialist hired from external companies which offer database maintenance service. The maintenance process will be done monthly. An audit of the system will also be conducted monthly to check the system performance. 16 4.5 Process Improvement 16 4.6 Follow-up project 17 The current project will be followed by a website development project, which will avail the services to the clients, suppliers and the employees via the internet. The database project is the basis of initiating the website project because the user’s ability to use the database is a prerequisite to the website. The website proje ct will start as soon as the company management are satisfied with the employee’s ability to manipulate the business data using the database system. 17 5. References 18 1. Project Overview 1.1 Purpose, Scope, and Objectives The database system should ensure that the information about the suppliers, jobs, customers, staff and stock should be interconnected to ensure effective data sharing. The database system should generate reports that are used by the executive in decision making process. The project should be able to link the data therein should be shared linked to the finance and CRM system. The system should have an interface where the website will be linked. The clients, suppliers, employees and customers should be able to access the data in the database via the internet in future. This means that the database will have to be linked to the website. The integration will take place when the staffs have had excellent skills on the use of database system. All the project del iverables should be handled in accordance with the project charter and business case document. The B-Spoke Bikes database project is meant to automate the business operation of a B-Spoke Bikes company. The project should be is supposed to be completed within the stipulated time. The project covers the design and development of an access database system. The company should be able to achieve its business objectives using the database system. The database system should enable effective communication of data between different departments. The database system should automate all the business process in the company. 1.2 Assumptions, Constraints and Risks The project implementation team assumes that the B-spoke company have in place all the computer hardware and software needed during the implementation process. The project also assumes that the risks to the project remain the identified. There will be an effective collaboration between the implementation team, stakeholders and project fu nctions There will be consistent supply of funds required during the implementation process. Constraints and risks on the project are: The time that allocated for the project might not be adequate to ensure that all the project deliverables are handled effectively. The funds allocated to the project are limited. The project budget does not give considerations cost accruing due to unexpected risks. The human resources (database programmers and system testing team might be inadequate). This may alter the project completion time and

Fine art ba Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8000 words

Fine art ba - Essay Example Developments in the field of Art and Architecture emerged from the Classical to the Modern. There is indeed a clash within the academe as to how art and architecture must be assessed in the same respect to that of the general public or the viewers who have been hostile and unreceptive, in most cases, to the new form and standards of art and architecture that emerged and presented by the artists and innovators themselves. This is the condition that shows why Art Historians are busy rewriting art history. This is applicable to Lego since the said toy became a method in artistic production which will be discussed on the latter part of the dissertation. In this paper, there is an investigative, critical and synthetic approach and analysis as to how the Lego art and architecture, the external influences to the concept of construction, and the development of the style throughout time, in all aspects reflect the status and condition of Modern Art and Architecture. Frank Lloyd Wright will be dealt with in this paper as well since he is one the well-known architects that formulated new designs and conventions in terms of architecture. There will be an assessment of the modes of artistic production, specifically on the conception of form, the conventions of the work of art, the aesthetic appeal, the social context and observe clearly what are the difference and similarities among the three and the possible influence of one to the other. Also, the dissertation will try to investigate further the ambivalent connections of the aforementioned stylistic concepts. In achieving a cohesive and synthetic assessment of the matters that pertain to the subject being tackled, there will be a thorough deliberation of the relation of the aforementioned topics to its social, cultural, political, and economic contexts. Inevitably, these contexts provide a crucial playing field for the flourish and failures that art and architecture faced

Accounting field project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Accounting field project - Essay Example At times, accountants face maximum external as well as organisational pressures with respect to maintenance of professional and ethical values. Particularly with respect to areas such as tax, accountants require constantly balancing the ethical responsibilities with the professional duties in order to serve clients as per their preferences (Shafer 261-273). As an accounting student, I want to discuss the challenges face by accountants while balancing ethical responsibilities with professional duties. I want to encourage the readers that accountants require to fulfil and honest the expectations of clients in terms of maintaining the ethical standards. In this essay, I will specifically discuss about the issue of conflict in taxation, which in turn puts extreme pressure on the accountants and makes them to face a lot of challenges. In present day’s competitive business environment, organisations are found to remain under huge pressure while attaining their respective intended business objectives. Employees who succeed in satisfying these objectives are rewarded by huge monetary benefits and those failing to respond with the same will be punished with low pay and in worst-case situation, loss of employment. In this similar context, accountants are also hired in order to act uniformly for the beneficiary of the organisations and failure to do so can result in loss of honestly. Fulfilling the organisational objectives at certain times pressure the accountants to act in such a way, which seem unethical for accountants. According to the report published by both American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) as well as the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA), accounting professionals, particularly in developing economies feel increased pressure to perform unethically. During the t ime of economic slowdown, accountants feel much pressure in compromising ethical standards in order to make sure the

Qualitative Analysis, IR, NMR (Organic Chemistry) Lab Report

Qualitative Analysis, IR, NMR (Organic Chemistry) - Lab Report Example A resulting heterogeneous solution is a positive test for the a saturated hydrocarbon. Dissolve with ether then NaOH and Separate using the bottom layer then add HCl until pH ~7 (neutral) (top layer will be the other product). Add ether and separate the top layer (it’s the acid). IR available in attachment The temperature of carboxylic was relatively higher due to its double bond ranging from 143 to 153.8 Celsius displayed in the first and second trials of the solid acid, which depicts presence of carboxylic acid. Nevertheless, third trial temperature which ranges from 93.5 Celsius to 98.8 Celsius depicting the presence of molecule having two C=O groups associated by the corresponding symmetry. The two peaks within the region of the molecule has two C=O groups, which are not associated by the underlying symmetry that are depicted by the neutral product of the acid base extraction The carboxylic functional groups absorbed with the IR region are amidst 1100 to 1700cm-1. Moreover, main peaks within carboxylic groups are understood via appraisal of the values of the compounds as depicted in the table for NMR graph (Ha Harris, pp.289-345). The absorption of the polar groups are removed towards the lower frequencies and are normally widened due to the hydrogen bonding such as hydroxyl and corresponding amino groups (Rris, pp. 567-659). There two types of IR, from the acid and from the neutral similarly with the NMR, there are C13 and H1 from acid (with DMSO) and other product (with CDCl3). IR spectrum with one peak found within the carboxylic region probably one C=O group is present. The C=O region distances 1608.86 cm-1 having the sharpest peaks, which are many cm-1 wide. Thus, the two C=O groups could be present with the similar position by concurrence. The molecule are two C=O groups associated to the symmetry. The two peaks within the region probably the molecule has two

Case Analysis Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Analysis - Case Study Example Consequently, the inventor of the business idea faces the challenge of losing full control in running the business. Nigel Galler, the founder and CEO of Movirtu Limited, faces the equal challenges in financing the expansion and development of the start-up business. One of the challenges that Movirtu Limited is facing in raising is convincing the impact investors the investment has a positive social impact on the targeted markets and is economically viable. The impact investors can only finance a business if it has the potential for empowering the impoverished communities while ensuring it is financially profitable (WDI 8). Accordingly, Movirtu Limited has to demonstrate to the impact investor namely the GreyGhostVentures (GGV) how the business will promote the welfare of the poor communities if the financing arrangement by the TLcom Capital is accepted. In addition, the business model employed in running the business by integrating TLcom Capital has to prove it is a viable business to attract the financial support from the impact investors. Another challenge that is been faced by Movirtu Limited in raising financial capital is convincing the venture capitalistic TLcom Capital on the potential of the business in generating profit in future under the social impact requirement of GGV. The financial support sustainability from the venture capitalists can only be sustained if they are convinced, the business idea will generate adequate revenue and grow in future (WDI 8). However, the target market for Movirtu Limited has high risk due to the purchasing power of the targeted consumers. In addition, the revenue margin that Movirtu Limited expects to receive from the actual price of the service compared to the financial resources consumed is considerably low. Thus, the ability of Movirtu Limited in winning the confidence of the venture capitalistic is relatively challenging. Moreover, the acceptance of venture capitalist in financing

Policy formation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Policy formation - Essay Example Allied health comprises healthcare professionals including doctors, pharmacists, nurses, therapists, nutritionists, counselors and dieticians comprise (Hamburg, 2015). There is necessity  for effective policy creation and implementation that would enhance proper healthcare in the nation. Allied health are vital to the nation’s well-being and provided the fact that majority of persons working within the healthcare parameters are not sufficiently educated and trained, there is an urgent need for creating policies that would ensure only well trained and qualified personnel work as healthcare service providers (Lizarondo, Grimmer & Kumar, 2014). Ailments such as lifestyle diseases emanate from causations that are avoidable when allied health professionals held with high consideration in terms of education, training and employment (Hamburg, 2015). For instance, carcinogens and mutagens introduced to food products due to the negligence of manufacturers cause cancer. Some manufacturers use dangerous (carcinogenic and mutagenic) substance in the production of food in a bid to enhance productivity and revenue for that matter. Policies advocating for the reduction of health personnel illiteracy can help in this measure, especially nutritionists and dieticians are well trained and allowed to access ever food product before they are distributed in the consumer market. The same applies to drugs. An accurate case scenario occurred when the painkiller, Vioxx, was released in the market. The drug had an adverse chemical composition that resulted in massive deaths of American citizens and many others around the globe, a disaster that wo uld be avoidable if proper policies were in place to oversee healthcare professionals’ competency. In the formulation of the policy, it should be observed as government responsibility to establish relevant infrastructure for education, training, professional assessment of the trained and for the

Experiemntal Video Art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Experiemntal Video Art - Research Paper Example There is debate surrounding the importance of audience understanding the message of the video art. The genre, style and intent of the filmmaker is the major factor here. Some films are deliberately made in an abstract fashion, whose beauty lies in its ambiguity. This is the modernist direction in film and cinema where narrative forms have undergone experimentation. A discussion of French cinema is relevant here, as it offers a rich repository of filmmaking for over a hundred years. French directors, screenwriters and cinematographers have influenced or initiated various ‘waves’ of cinematic style over this period. French New Wave cinema is especially influential in this regard, which gave rise to truly modernist interpretations of cinematic art. Auteurs like Jean-Luc Godard, Francois Truffaut, Jacques Rivette, Alain Resnais, etc have pushed the boundaries of narrative form and content. In the case of Godard, the break from conventional cinema or cinema du qualite is so c omplete that his works have eschewed narrative story-telling altogether. Instead, in the highly experimental ‘attempts at cinema’ (as Godard refers to his works) the emphasis is on constructing essays. This is a sharp deviation from the traditional preoccupation with storytelling. Godard can be credited with pioneering the ‘video essay’ format, an experimental genre that is marked by its artistic, theoretical, and political perspectives. It is a format that is not easily accessible to the lay audience. The video essay marks â€Å"a distinct aesthetic strategy, one that is premised on a mode of relationality. According to Ursula Biemann, the video essay as a genre, situates itself between documentary film and video art. Considered too experimental, self-reflexive and subjective for

Rufino Blanco-Fombona Essay Example for Free

Rufino Blanco-Fombona Essay Rufino Blanco-Fombona, (b. June 17, 1874, Caracas, Venezuela—d. October 17, 1944, Buenos Aires, Argentina), Venezuelan literary historian and man of letters who played a major role in bringing the works of Latin American writers to world attention. Jailed during the early years of the dictatorship (1908–35) of Juan Vicente Gomez, Blanco-Fombona fled to Europe, where he established Editorial America in Madrid (1914), which presented Latin American writers to the European literary world. A prolific author, he wrote poetry,short stories, novels, and essays. Of Blanco-Fombona’s vast output, his literary essays are considered his best work. Two of hiscritical works, El modernismo y los poetas modernistas (1929; â€Å"Modernism and the Modernist Poets†) and Camino de imperfeccion, diario de mi vida (1906–1913) (1929; â€Å"Road of Imperfection, Diary of My Life 1906–1913†), are considered standard works on the Modernist movement in Spanish. Other important works include Letras y letrados de Hispano-America (1908; â€Å"Letters and the Learned in Latin America†) andGrandes escritores de America (1919; â€Å"Great Writers of America†). His novel, El hombre de oro (The Man of Gold), was published in 1912.

Power and Communication Essay Example for Free

Power and Communication Essay Language discrimination has been prevalent in society for thousands of years. This has been something that happens in every civilization and will not stop now. Language discrimination is unfair treatment of an individual by the way that they compose themselves in a verbal matter. What I mean by this is to treat someone unjust because of factors such as accents, vocabulary size, or just that they speak a different language. This happens a lot to tourists who don’t know how to speak proper English in the United States. I have lived in the United States my whole life and I have witnessed multiple accounts of this. There are multiple situations in which language discrimination occurs. Situations include work, school, vacation spots, and in the general public. The workplace is supposed to be free of any type of discrimination but it is not. People are discriminated against if they speak different or even remotely act differently than what we experience inside the walls of our community. School kids are picked on by other kids if they are a different nationality, this being because they speak different languages and are trying to learn the English language. Tourists on vacation trying to enjoy their stay are constantly pressed with the fact that next to nobody around them knows their native language providing a barrier of communication. The general public tends to look down on a person if they have a speech impediment or an accent even if they are still natives of the United States. They are made to look like tourists in a nation of their own. Some examples of language discrimination I have observed come mainly within my own community. I have witnessed people from work picking on other individuals because they are a different nationality such as Hispanic. Some Hispanics are American-Hispanic being born in the United States. They are typically not discriminated against like the full blood Hispanics are. This  is because they have not grown up in such a culture before and are trying to adapt. The same thing would happen to me if I was traveling to a different country. I would be looked at as an outsider as soon as I open my mouth. There are many identity labels that contribute to discrimination. Labels such as â€Å"Working class† or â€Å"Black† are just a few of them. These are a form of discrimination in themself. Labels are a way to identify someone in the wrong way. They may be â€Å"working class† but may not want to be considered as that. They may want to be known as â€Å"rich† or â€Å"powerful†. Or may find it an insult because they have to work to make a living. â€Å"Black† is also a common term used to identify some African-Americans. This is discrimination because one individual is not better than the next. This may be degrading to anyone who is classified under any sort of label. I do not believe that discrimination in communication is ethical because I feel as if it is a nonverbal or verbal form of abuse. It can be degrading at times and can cause a person to be uncomfortable in their own community. Regardless if I agree with discrimination or not, it will still continue to happen even long after I’m gone.

Content Analysis of Education Module

Content Analysis of Education Module CONTENT ANALYSIS ON ENGLISH MODULE BAHASA INGGRIS Dwi Aryani Abstract This research is aimed to evaluate the quality of the English module used by students of SMA N 6 Yogyakarta. There were many problems such as mistype, inappropriate content or material, and so on which were found inside the book. Then, the module used by the students should be evaluated on the content to know whether the book met the criteria of good module or not. The research was about case study using content analysis as the method. It used textbook evaluation criteria from Cunningsworth which contained ten aspects of evaluation and compared with the criteria of evaluation from Hutchinson and Waters. The evaluation concerned on the content such as language content and skill, the organization and appearance of the book. The result from Cunningsworth checklist showed that the book got 74. 25% which considered as good book. While the result from Hutchinson and Waters showed 78. 57%. The aspect which got low percentage was vocabulary and reading material, while the rest were considere d as good. From evaluation using two concepts from Cunningsworth which compared with the evaluation criteria by Hutchinson and Waters showed a little bit difference. The result showed differences in range 4. 32%. Keywords: module, content analysis, evaluation, and evaluation checklist INTRODUCTION Teaching resources are all materials that are used to facilitate in teaching and learning process. They can be divided into three forms which each has different functions and advantages. The first form of material is printed materials such as books, module or workbooks, worksheets, help the beginner teachers to cover and design each lesson carefully in detail. They also give all the plans and lessons that teachers need to present the topic in some details. Moreover, printed material can be used in any location or bring everywhere. Nonprinted materials like audio and video materials have their own advantages such as; inexpensive materials, since nonprinted materials have already prepared by the teachers and students should not buy it. There are materials that comprise both print and nonprint such as materials from internet which is also have some advantages. Internet provides many materials in a form of audio, text, picture, graphic and video. Students only need to access on the inter net pages suggested by the teachers and follow the instruction. It was quite easy for school which provides internet access (Richards-2002). Material has important roles in language teaching such as presentation resources, practice and communication interaction, language competence references, classroom activities sources, syllabus, and help less experience teachers (Cunningsworth-2005). Those are the role of materials in language teaching for both students and teachers. Module in several schools used as the primary sources in conducting teaching and learning activity. Module is categorized as commercial books which contain some potential negative effect as cover inauthentic language, distort content, not reflect students needs, deskill teachers, and expensive (Richards-2002). Related to the negative potential effect, it means that the materials covered by module are needed to be evaluated. In order to judge the quality of the book, the book should cover some criteria of good teaching resources. The criteria of good teaching resources on this context are criteria for printed materials. Teaching resources take a part in the teaching and learning process. The criteria are; 1) arouse the learners interest, 2) remind them earlier learning, 3) tell them what they will be learning next, 4) explain new learning content to them, 5) relate these ideas to learners previous learning, 6) get learners to think about new content, 7) help them get feedback on their learning, 8) encourage them to practice, 9) make sure they know what they are supposed to doing, 10) enable them to check their progress, and 11) help them to do better. Evaluation is measuring of strengths and weakness (Davies-2002). It can be conclude that the materials which are covered by module can be evaluated to know the strength and weakness. The evaluation can be done in three ways; pre-use evaluation, in-use evaluation, and post-use evaluation (Cunningsworth-2005). The process of evaluation depends on the one who desires to evaluate the materials. Moreover, in order to know the strength and weakness of materials (book or module), it can be done through the evaluation checklist from the expert on the field (the expert on this context is expert in teaching). There are many experts who provide the checklist to help in evaluating book. METHOD This research aimed to evaluate the content of module for senior high school. The type evaluation on this research is post-use evaluation since the evaluation conduct after the book was used by the students. The research was focused on the content of the book in order to meet the criteria of good teaching resources by measuring the strength and weakness. Therefore, it is classified as case study research category. Case study is a research method which is done towards a system; it can be program, activity, and event. Case study is aimed to get a data, take a conclusion, and get an understanding from the data itself (Sukmadinata-2012). A case study may be understood as the intensive study of a single case where the purpose of that study is to shed light on a larger class of classes or a population (Gerring-2006). Moreover, it was not aimed to get the conclusion from the population. The conclusion from case study is simply from the case that the researcher taken to heart. There are some technique in collecting the data on case study research such as interview, observation, and documentary study. Those are the technique to collect the data and to get the conclusion. The data source was the materials covered by Bahasa Inggris, a module used by students in SMA N 6 Yogyakarta grade XII on the first semester. The book was written and published by CV Viva Pakarindo which was consisted of eighty pages and divided into five chapters. The book was applying Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan or abbreviated as KTSP as the curriculum. Instruments were needed to collect the data. This research used content analysis as an instrument to collect the data from students module. There were two instruments to support in conducting the research. First instrument used in this research was documentary study. Sukmadinata (2012) explained that documentary study is data collecting technique which is accumulate and analyze the document, whether documentary, picture, or electronic. The document which is accumulated is already chosen with purpose and focus on the problem. Moreover, the other instrument on this research was content analysis where the study is focus on deeply into the content of written information or mass media. Moreover, content analysis is defined as a research method for the subjective interpretation of the content of text data through the systematic classification process of coding and identifying themes or patterns. Wilkinson (2003) mentioned content analysis has been successfully used to analyze text and solve issues of disputed authorship of academic paper. and examples of texts suitable for content analysis includes essays, journal articles, books and chapter in books From the explanation which stated in the Wilkinson give a clear statement that module or workbook which categorized as book can be analyzed. In this case, module included as one of academic paper such as mentioned before. Then, content analysis focused on the characteristics of language as communication with attention to the content or contextual meaning of the te xt. Since the subject on this research was the module, so the researcher prepared some checklists to evaluate the book. The researcher provides two evaluation checklists to evaluate the book. The first evaluation checklist is taken from Cunningsworth which covers ten descriptions such as; design and organization, language content, vocabulary, grammar, language skill, listening, speaking, reading, writing, and practical consideration. The other evaluation checklist is taken from Hutchinson and Waters which cover main aspect such as audience, aims, contents, methodology, and others. Every aspect on evaluation checklist covers some questions or statements to be answered in evaluation process. There were some procedures for conducting this research. The procedures will be explained as follow; a) Preparation, on this step the researcher took a part to choose the book which was needed to be evaluated. Choosing the book which was needed to be evaluated from the external and internal factor; b) Analysis, took a part on analyzing the book using criteria designed by the researcher based on the criteria or concepts from the expert. It means that the evaluation criteria were not pure from the researcher, but adapting from one concept to evaluate the book; c) Report, this step was the last step on this procedure. After the researcher pass the preparation and analysis step, means that the researcher should make the report of the result after conducting the evaluation. After conducting the evaluation towards the book, however, scoring is needed to get the result of the evaluation. Book evaluation using Cunningsworths checklist given score one until five. The indicator is modified using Likert Scale which indicates negative until positive (Sugiyono-2012). Moreover, evaluation checklist suggested by Hutchinson and Waters has the own rate or score by using zero, one, and two. These score and indicators are originally designed by Hutchinson and Waters. The result of the evaluation is calculated using mean deviation. Therefore, the result of calculation will be described in a form of paragraph by using descriptive qualitative. Figure 1. A pattern to calculate the score of each evaluation. Note : Æ ©X = the total of criteria which is met the criteria N  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   = the total criteria points in each aspect Table 1. The level of Suitability 80% 100% Very Good 60% 79% Good 50% 59% Fair Under 50% Poor FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION The evaluation taken from two sources; Cunningsworth checklist which is used as the evaluation focus, while the result of evaluation from Hutchinson and Waters is used to compare on this findings. Based on the evaluation, Hutchinson and Waters provides twenty one questions and divided into five main aspects including with the additional information. The overall evaluation from Hutchinson and Waters got result 78, 57% in percentage. It will be compare with the result of evaluation from Cunningsworth evaluation checklist. The findings of this research presented ten specific aspects where each of them are analyzed based on Cunningsworths evaluation checklist. Design and Organization This aspect covers five criteria of evaluation with the total score 20 out of 25. The percentage is 80% and it is categorized as very good. The result of design and organization evaluation is presented on the table as follow. Table 2. Design and Organization Checklist No Design and Organization Criteria Score 1 The content is organized 5 2 The content is sequenced 5 3 Provide adequate recycling and revision 0 4 Provide reference sections for grammar and vocabulary 5 5 The materials suitable for individual study 5 Total 20 Percentage 80% The first criteria is about the content which is organized. It means the contents of the workbook such as topic, structure, skills, and function are organized. All units provide complete topic, all four skills in every unit, language functions and language features. The evaluation shows that the first criteria got perfect score. Such as the organization, the second criteria is about the sequential of the content. It discusses whether the workbook has difficult level for the students and also the function of the workbook for individual study. From all units, the materials can be used for the students to study by themselves. The book cannot fulfill the third criteria by presenting recycle and revision section. The fourth criteria can be fulfilled by providing reference sections for grammar and vocabulary. The materials also suitable for individual study. It can be seen from the contents of the workbook which provide material on the first page in every chapter and continued by the exerc ise. There are many exercises on the workbook such as exercises for all skills, language contents (grammar and vocabulary), and also exercise that cover all materials. It is presented in the last part in every chapter. The exercise also in different types such as multiple choice and essay. From all those exercises, the workbook is easy for the students even for individual study. Language Content Language content is the second aspect of evaluation with the achievement 60% from the total score 9 out of 15. The table below presenting the result of language content evaluation. Table 3. Language Content Checklist No Language Content Criteria Score 1 The book include materials for pronunciation work 0 2 The book deal with the structuring and conventions of language use 5 3 Language style is matched to social situation 4 Total 9 Percentage 60% From the table 3 we can conclude that the first criteria cannot fulfill by the book by providing materials for pronunciation.   The second criteria got perfect score related to the structuring and conventions of the language use. It deals with how to take a part in conversation, how to structure a piece of extended writing, and how to identify the main point in reading passage. Language style is the choice of words used by a specific group of people when they speak. For example there are bureaucratese, the words, jargons, and abbreviation. It should be matched with the social situation of the students. There is one part of the book the researcher found that inappropriate language style with the social situation of the students. It was because the students accusing her friend took her money which actually she does not. Grammar The achievement on grammar aspect is on 88% with the total score 22 out of 25. The suitability of grammar materials categorized into very good (see Table 1). The result of the evaluation on grammar aspect is presented on the table below. Table 4. Grammar checklist No Grammar Criteria Score 1 The book covers grammar items for the level 5 2 Grammar presented in small pieces units 2 3 Grammar emphasis on language form 5 4 Grammar emphasis on language use (meaning) 5 5 Language use and form are in balance presentation 5 Total 22 Percentage 88% The book has already provided grammar items based on the level of students. Then, more than half of the book presented the materials for grammar in wide space where it should be presented on the small units to make the students easier to learn the material. Moreover, grammar materials similarly emphasis on language form and use. Both of language form and use should be presented on balance presentation as the criteria mention. Vocabulary Table below is the result of evaluation of vocabulary section where covers five criteria of evaluation. The aspect got low percentage with 44% where there was one criteria cannot fulfill by the book even the worst is contain two score zero. Table 5. Vocabulary checklist No Vocabulary Criteria Score 1 Materials for vocabulary teaching adequate in terms of quantity and range of vocabulary 0 2 Vocabulary materials are strategies for individual learning 0 3 The materials emphasis placed on vocabulary development 5 4 Vocabulary presented in a structured and purposeful way 5 5 Provide distinction between active and passive vocabulary 1 Total 11 Percentage 44% Based on the evaluation, the book minimally covers 1000 new vocabulary for every stage or every grade. The quantity of the vocabulary in every chapter is not enough if we took a look on the material. The availability of vocabulary on the book was too far with the range of the evaluation. The total vocabulary material presented in the book consists of sixty one; chapter one twelve, chapter two is twenty, chapter three with ten, chapter four provides fourteen, and chapter five presents five new vocabulary. Related with the quantity of vocabulary materials, it could not be used for learning individually. However, the vocabulary materials which are presented on the book help the students in semantic relation such as presenting the meaning and synonyms. Moreover, vocabulary which is presented in every chapter also categorized in situational situation. Language Skill Language skill gets 95% on the result of evaluation where it is considered as very good. Most of criteria are fulfilled by the book with achievement 5 in average. Table 6. Language Skill Checklist No Language Skill Criteria Score 1 All four skills were covered 5 2 All four skills are presented balance 4 3 The materials are integrated skills work 5 4 Reading passages and associated activities are suitable with the students levels 4 5 Provide sufficient reading material 5 6 Materials for spoken English are well designed 5 7 Writing activities are suitable in terms of amount of guidance/control 5 8 Writing material is using appropriate style 5 Total 38 Percentage 95% Language skill has already covered all four skills such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing inside the materials in every chapter. Those four skills are presented in the same portion. The book similarly provides materials and exercises for each skill and integration. Most of materials are presented by reading passage where they are supposed to suitable with the level of students. For this reason, the book should provide reading passage in sufficient way in order to present the materials. Moreover, the book also has to provide materials for spoken English where it should be well design. Related with the materials and exercises for each skill, writing section should provide guidance or control in writing activities. The style used for writing skill also should be presented in appropriate style. From all criteria, the book gets high score in these eight criteria of evaluation. Listening Listening aspect covers four criteria where there is one criteria cannot fulfill by the book. The evaluation shows that the book got 75% from the total score 15 out of 20. Table 7. Listening Checklist No Listening Criteria Score 1 Listening form part of dialogue or conversation work 5 2 Provide specific listening passages 5 3 Listening material set in a meaningful context 5 4 Provide pre-listening task 0 Total 15 Percentage 75% The evaluation shows that the book has already provide listening section in a form of dialogue or conversational work in every chapter. There are some listening passages which are provided by the book in order to organize the section. Moreover, all materials and exercises are presented in meaningful context. However, the book does not provide pre-listening tasks before they focus on the listening section. Speaking Speaking got perfect achievement with the percentage 100%. It indicates that the book provide all contents that the criteria mention. [P3] Table 8. Speaking Checklist [P4] No Speaking Criteria Score 1 Provide spoken English materials 5 2 The material contains oral presentation and practice of language items 5 3 The material contains dialogues 5 4 The material contains roleplay 5 Total 20 Percentage 100%   The materials for speaking are presenting inside the book where they contain oral presentation and practice for language items. In order to help the students in practicing their speaking skill, the book provides materials such as dialogue and role-play. Reading From the evaluation, reading got low percentage with the achievement is 32.5%. The total score of fulfillment is 13 where actually the total score is 40. The book provides reading text where it is used for introducing new language items such as grammar and vocabulary. Therefore, the materials are not focus on the development of reading skill and strategies for students. Reading materials, however, provide integrated materials with other skills and work. On the contrary, the book does not provide setting scene and background information on reading passage. Then, the book also does not provide pre-reading activities. Thus, reading materials similarly appears on the middle of units where it is commonly appears on the early unit. Table 9. Reading Checklist No Reading Criteria Score 1 Reading text used for introducing new language items (grammar and vocabulary) 3 2 The material focus on the development of reading skill and strategies 0 3 The material linked to other skills and work 5 4 Reading text appears on the early unit 0 5 The subject matter is appropriate 5 6 The text provide setting scene 0 7 The text provide background information 0 8 Give pre-reading question 0 Total 13 Percentage 32.5% Writing The evaluation shows that writing covers five criteria where there is one criteria cannot fulfill by the book. The score of evaluation is 19 out of 25 and it is presented on the percentage with the achievement 76%. Table 10. Writing Checklist[P5] No Writing Criteria Score 1 The material handle by guided writing 5 2 The material handle by controlled writing 5 3 Provide variety task 5 4 Provide language resources specific to the written form such as punctuation, spelling, and layout 4 5 Learners encourage to review and edit their written work 0 Total 19 Percentage 76% From the evaluation, writing materials are handled by guided writing and control writing which are presented in a form of simple instruction. Moreover, writing also provides various types of task such as writing memo, letter, and so on. Writing materials and tasks, however, do not encourage the learner to review and edit their own work since there is no space or section provided by the book. Practical Consideration The last evaluation is on practical consideration which covers five criteria. The result shows that the book got 92% from the total score 23 out of 25. The evaluation presents that the book represents good value for money. It means that the book neither too expensive nor too cheap. Even though the price is quite cheap, but the quality of the book is strong and long-lasting because the materials which is used to print the book. Related to the price of the book, it is easy to be obtained by the students; the school has already stock the book. Therefore, the students may ask to the school or their teachers. On the contrary, the appearance of the book does not attractive as they should.   The cover of the book is colored by burgundy where it looks like dark and gloomy. The detailed achievement from practical consideration is presented in the following table. Table 11. Practical Consideration Checklist No Practical Consideration Criteria Score 1 The book represent good value for money 5 2 The book is strong and long-lasting

Gender Roles in Children’s Books: An Examination of Little House in the

People use several different classification systems to help organize a complex society. For example, scientists use a system composed of hierarchies in order to place animals in their proper kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. By creating this classification system, people of society are better able to understand the relationships that these animals have with each other. Just as scientists use this hierarchy to organize animals, people use the concept of gender to classify their own kind. However, many people fail to realize that gender, unlike the system of hierarchies used by scientists to classify animals, is not biologically based. While sex is a biological concept, gender can be defined as the sociological, psychological, and cultural attributes that society associates with sex. Thus, society creates gender roles, and, accordingly, â€Å"does gender.† In other words, people require that others act out the gender roles set by society if they want to be part of the social norm. The purpose of this paper, then, is to first examine literature which discusses ways in which society â€Å"does gender†, and then examine the manner in which authors of children’s books promote these gender roles that society has assigned. Judith Lorber’s article entitled, â€Å"Night to His Day: The Social Construction of Gender† (Lorber, 1994) is one example of a piece of literature that examines â€Å"doing gender.† In this article, she argues that the concept of gender exists because of socialization; that is, society teaches that certain characteristics should be associated with boys while other characteristics should be associated with girls. As aforementioned, in order to demonstrate why society uses gender classifications from birth, Lorber says that people must look at gender as a social institution in that â€Å"gender is one of the major ways that human beings organize their lives† (Lorber, 1994). One of the ways that people allocate others for performing tasks in society, then, is through gender classification. After discussing socialization theory, Lorber goes on to give several examples of how people â€Å"do gender† in today’s society. For example, she discusses how men with baby carriers are stared at approvingly on the bus because these men are seen as changing the role of fathers more towards the domestic end of the spectrum, a role that was previously played only... ...ly. While Wilder’s characters exhibit traits that help to reinforce the gender norms created by society, Rowling seems to suggest that life is more interesting when these traditional gender roles are bent, just as life is more exciting at Hogwart’s than at the Dursley household. Therefore, in order for males and females to feel comfortable taking advantage of the plethora of opportunities that are available to them, members of society must strive to bend the gender roles that they have assigned. Works Cited Lorber, Judith. â€Å"Night to His Day: The Social Construction of Gender† Excerpts from: Paradoxes of Gender (Chapter 1) by Judith Lorber, 1994 Yale University Press. Web. http://faculty.ucc.edu/english-chewning/SocialConstructionOfGender.pdf Messner, Michael. â€Å"Boyhood, Organized Sports, and the Construction of Masculinities† Journal of Contemporary Ethnography January 1990 vol. 18 no. 4 416-444 http://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/18602_Chapter_5.pdf Rowling, J. K. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. New York City: Scholastic, 1997. Print. Wilder, Laura Ingalls. Little House in the Big Woods. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. 1953.

The Fall of Communism in Eastern Europe Essay -- History Soviet Union

The Fall of Communism in Eastern Europe Many political beliefs exist. Everyone has the right to chose what to believe in, what ideas to have, what to seek and how to achieve his goals. Political science is not very defined and strict. Specific rules saying that if one believes in a certain idea he should join a certain party do not exist. Certain things match certain group of people and other things this group of people would not accept. The same principle can be applied for countries. Communism appears to be successful for China, but it failed for Eastern European countries. It is very important the proper way of government to be found and used by the government of a country. The failure of the government can lead to failure in economics, defense, and all other spheres that have importance for the existence of a nation. Russian political leaders governing at the time of communism did not think clearly and they underestimated the negative sides of their policy. They believed that communism was appropriate and successful be cause it worked effectively for several years but it failed after all. Three of the major reasons for the fall of communism were the suppression of religion, the poor quality of life provided by the government and the command economic system. What is communism? The political term communism can be found in the online glossary, published by Paul M. Johnson who is a professor in the Political Department in the Auburn University. The definition states that communism is any ideology that is based on communal ownership of all property and a classless social structure. There is an authoritarian government that directs economic production and distribution, and it embodies the interests of the country as a whole. ... ...est. Works Cited Boshnakov, Sevdalina. Personal Interview. 04 April 2004. Chamberlin, William H. What You Should Know about Communism and Why. New York: Aberdeen Book Co., 1965. Hutchinson Encyclopedia. Johnson, Paul M. Communism – Glossary of Political Economy Terms. Dept. of Political Science, Auburn University 7 April 2004 . Szostkievicz, Adam â€Å"Religion after Communism: Churches stumble in Eastern Europe† Commonweal. 24 Sept. 1999. 7 April 2004. . Wikipedia Articles. Workhistory.com Bringing History to Life .7 April 2004 .

Dining Establishments And Eating :: essays research papers

Dining Establishments and Eating   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many factors that may change your decision on choosing a place to dine. Some people dine out almost every night, and some people may dine out only once every month or so. People treat eating out differently than others. It all depends on the type of the mood, or the time the individual may have. There are many types of eating establishments that cater to the different types of occasions, from the more elite, to the brief luncheon, and to the fast outing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For some people eating out is to be done in haste. For that type of people eating out is simple, done to avoid the time of preparation, and cleaning up a meal. Fast food is a quick, easy way to eat on the run, with a no frills atmosphere. These people are â€Å"on the run† with things that they must accomplish in a limited amount of time. Some fast food restaurants may include: Burger King, McDonalds, Subway, or Kentucky Fried Chicken. Fast food would be an easy solution to the problem of the time factor. Fast food can easily be recognized when you enter the parking lot. For fast food the parking lot is more accessible to people(less landscaping), more entrances and exit doors(for more saved time). Once entering the building one can distinguish a fast food restaurant, by the high traffic tile floors, plastic bench seating that does not move for comfort, and the poor taste of interior design with small amounts of decoration. These buildings were meant for eating quickly, and then leaving, visual impact is not a major concern. There will be no waiters to take your order. A line to the cash register is the only way to get your food, unless the decision of the drive up window is made. Food is often times pre-prepared to save time. Casual dining has more enjoyable food, and a more refreshed environment, with only a little more time involved. Some casual dining may include: TGIF† Fridays†, Dennys, or Eat and Park. Parking is a little further back, and more landscaping may be involved to have a grander appearance. When you enter through the only main entrance and exit door, wall to wall carpeting may be an option, and more lavish plants, and paintings. Instead of finding your own seat, a host will lead you to the section you prefer. The seating in some cases would be moveable for more comfort. In most, the seating is either plush cloth, or mostly padded vinyl, for comfort. Silverware would already exist on the table Dining Establishments And Eating :: essays research papers Dining Establishments and Eating   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many factors that may change your decision on choosing a place to dine. Some people dine out almost every night, and some people may dine out only once every month or so. People treat eating out differently than others. It all depends on the type of the mood, or the time the individual may have. There are many types of eating establishments that cater to the different types of occasions, from the more elite, to the brief luncheon, and to the fast outing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For some people eating out is to be done in haste. For that type of people eating out is simple, done to avoid the time of preparation, and cleaning up a meal. Fast food is a quick, easy way to eat on the run, with a no frills atmosphere. These people are â€Å"on the run† with things that they must accomplish in a limited amount of time. Some fast food restaurants may include: Burger King, McDonalds, Subway, or Kentucky Fried Chicken. Fast food would be an easy solution to the problem of the time factor. Fast food can easily be recognized when you enter the parking lot. For fast food the parking lot is more accessible to people(less landscaping), more entrances and exit doors(for more saved time). Once entering the building one can distinguish a fast food restaurant, by the high traffic tile floors, plastic bench seating that does not move for comfort, and the poor taste of interior design with small amounts of decoration. These buildings were meant for eating quickly, and then leaving, visual impact is not a major concern. There will be no waiters to take your order. A line to the cash register is the only way to get your food, unless the decision of the drive up window is made. Food is often times pre-prepared to save time. Casual dining has more enjoyable food, and a more refreshed environment, with only a little more time involved. Some casual dining may include: TGIF† Fridays†, Dennys, or Eat and Park. Parking is a little further back, and more landscaping may be involved to have a grander appearance. When you enter through the only main entrance and exit door, wall to wall carpeting may be an option, and more lavish plants, and paintings. Instead of finding your own seat, a host will lead you to the section you prefer. The seating in some cases would be moveable for more comfort. In most, the seating is either plush cloth, or mostly padded vinyl, for comfort. Silverware would already exist on the table

The Benefits of Attending a Community College

The Benefits of Attending a Community College Some prospective college students tend to overlook the many benefits that come along with attending a community college. This may be because they aren't aware of the advantages or they don't have a true understanding of how this type of educational training can benefit them. Whatever the case may be, year after year large numbers of people opt to go straight from high school into four-year universities.Although that is of course a fantastic route to take, people should also give some thought to the notion of attending a community college. One of the best things about attending this type of educational institution is the smaller class sizes that are offered. At traditional universities, sometimes classes can have anywhere from 50 to 400 students at one time. This may not seem like a big deal, but the larger the class, the less opportunity students have to get one-on-one interaction with their professors.This may not be important to some pe ople. However, being able to contact their professor with questions or even for tutoring sessions is vital to many people. In fact, being able to have an accessible professor can make the difference in whether or not some students pass or fail. So, one of the great things about choosing these types of establishments are the fact that they promote more student and teacher interaction. Therefore, whenever someone has issues, there's a better chance that those problems will actually be addressed.Another great thing about attending a community college is that it costs much less than the traditional four-year institution. This is extremely important to note, especially now that the cost of education is rising and more people are struggling to stay financially stable. Being able to get a good education at an affordable rate is something that is sometimes hard to come by when people choose to attend traditional colleges. The good news is that the average community college allows people to get a good education without having to pay an arm and a leg.Lastly, another benefit these institutions provide is the ability for students to transfer their course credits to traditional universities. In other words, if someone decided to take this particular route and then one day they decided that they wanted to attend a four-year university, they wouldn't have to feel like they wasted their time. There are many benefits that come along with attending a community college, but many people might not realize it. As the landscape of education continues to change, more and more people are beginning to take this route instead of the traditional path.

Gregor Mendel

Who was Gregor Mendel? Mendel was a scientist who gained a substantial amount of fame from his study of genetics. He studied the pea plant and its inheritance of certain traits. 2. What contributions did he make to science? His study of genetics led to an increase interest in the study of genetics. His biggest contribution to the study of science was his discovery of particulate inheritance, dominant and recessive traits, genotype and phenotype, and the concept of heterozygous and homozygous. . Which species did he work with? Mendel worked with the simple pea pod plant in his 8 year science experiment 4. State his 4 hypothesisThe first part, or law, states that, â€Å"Alternative versions of genes account for variations in inherited characters. † The second law states that, â€Å"For each character trait, like height, color, texture, etc an organism inherits two genes, one from each parent. The third law declares that, â€Å"If the two alleles differ, then one, the dominant allele, is fully expressed in the organism's appearance; the other, the recessive allele, has no noticeable effect on the organism's appearance. † The fourth law states that, â€Å"The two genes for each character segregate during gamete production. † 5. Explain the concept of independent assortment The concept of independent assortment states that the emergence of one trait will not affect the emergence of another.For example, a pea plant's inheritance of the ability to produce purple flowers instead of white ones does not make it more likely that it would also inherit the ability to produce yellow peas in contrast to green ones. 6. What conditions were overlooked by Mendel? Darwin’s theory that â€Å"if the wide variation observable in cultivated plants were caused by the changed conditions and increased nourishment experienced on being brought into cultivation, then this cause of variation must continue to act. †

Deed of Undertaking Essay

Do hereby given an undertaking as under:- 1) That I have passed Xth std. / XIIth std. Examination through (Name of the School) Villa Theresa High School Is situated in Taluka Mumbai Dist. Mumbai City StateMaharashtra 2) That I am desires to take admission in Std. XI/XII in Jr. College (Name of the Jr. College) for the Academic Year 2014-2015 3) That while taking admission, I am required to furnish following documents. i) Statement of Marks of the last public Examination / Statement of marks of Std. XI th Examination of the Jr. College (Home Exam) ii) Passing certificate of the last public Examination iii) School leaving Certificate/Transfer Certificate. iv) Migration Certificate in Original 4) That I am also aware that my admission, is provisional and that the Jr. College shall have every right to assess independently, the truthfulness and the correctness of the documents mentioned at Serial Number (3) of this undertaking. That in the event, if it is subsequently found out by the Jr. College/Board that the particulars furnished in the admission form or the documents furnished while seeking admission are false and fabricated, in that event Jr. College authorities will have right to take action against me, including right to cancel the admission. 5) I am also fully aware of the fact that the Jr. College has given me provisional admission subject to grant of eligibility certificate by the Mumbai Divisional Boar, Vashi, Navi Mumbai – 400 703 of Maharashtra State  Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education having its Head Office situated at Bhambhurda Shivajinagar, Pune – 411004. 6) In case if the Divisional Board reject my application, submitted through the Head of the Jr. College for grant of Eligibility Certificate, my admission to the Jr. College shall stand automatically cancelled. 7) In case if the Divisional Board grants me Eligibility Certificate with instructions to furnish certain documents within stipulated period, I here by undertake to fulfil the requirement within the stipulated time limit. 8) I am aware of the fact that, in case, if I fail to furnish the required documents within the stipulated time I shall not be eligible for admission in the Jr. College and as such my admission shall stand automatically cancelled. That I have read the contents of the undertaking and has properly understood the same and in witness whereof had signed on this Deed of Undertaking on this day of 2014 at place

Principles of the early years framework Essay

Essay about the purposes and principles of the early years framework. The legal regulations under section 39 of the childcare act 2006 gives the early years foundation stage (EYFS) , that came into force in Sept. 2008 and providers are required to use the EYFS to ensure a flexible approach to children’s learning and development so that children will achieve the five every child matters outcomes which are : * Staying safe* Being healthy * Enjoying and achieving * Making a positive contribution * Achieving economic well- being In 2012 the EYFS was revised and made simpler and came into force on 1st sept, it made a number of changes and one of these was to make a stronger emphasis on the 3 prime areas which are the most important to a child’s healthy development these areas are: * Communication and language development* Physical and personal development * Social and emotional development The statutory framework for the EYFS give clear legal requirements to relate to learning and development and also relating to safeguarding and promoting children’s welfare, suitable people i.e. keyworkers, suitable premises, environment and equipment and organisation and documentation. The learning and development requirements have legal force by EYFS order 2007 from section 39(1) (a) of the childcare act 2006. The welfare requirements are given legal force by section 39(1) (b) of childcare act 2006. Together they form the legal basis of the EYFS and have statutory virtue of section 44(1) of the childcare act 2006. Practice guidance for the early year’s foundation stage gives practitioners guidance on how to meet the necessary requirements to the EYFS framework. It provides advice and information on how to support children’s learning and development and welfare. Also you can get guidance for children’s development in a section called development matters and this gives help and information to help practitioners to understand and support children in development pathways which are: * Personal, social and emotional development * Communication, language and literacy * Problem-solving, reasoning and numeracy * Knowledge and understanding of the world * Physical development * Creative development * Every child is different they are all individual in their own right and all children varied needs. Meeting every child’s needs can be difficult even though they are grouped with other children their age. Many children will meet their development needs expected for their age but others will have needs which are characteristic of much younger or older children. We must recognise the child’s needs and meet children’s development needs to help them achieve. We must consider each child’s physical maturity, intellectual abilities, emotional development, social skills, past experiences and relationships. Respecting children and help them to develop in a positive, caring, nurturing and responsive childcare environment. Throughout history we have had people that stood up and fort for young children’s needs and these people have influenced the UK current early years provisions. * Fred Froebel (1782-1852) founded the first kindergarten and learned that it was important for children to get involved in real experiences which meant being physically active. He believed that everything was linked and called the principle of unity and also principle of opposition or ‘gifts’. * Maria Montessori (1870- 1952) worked with children with learning difficulties in Rome Italy. She spent hours observing children and found that children go through sensitive periods of development when they are particularly receptive to particular areas of learning. She saw children as active learners. * Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) believed in three phases of childhood. The will, 0 to 7 years he said the spirit fuses the body at this stage. The heart, 7 to 14 years a rhythmic system of the beating heart and the chest that respiratory system meant that felling was important during this time. The head, 14 years and onwards was the time for thinking. * Margaret McMillan (1860-1931) believed I first-hand experience and active learning she said that relationships, feeling and ideas were all physical aspects of moving and learning, she believed children would become whole people through play which helped them apply knowledge and understanding. * Susan Isaacs (1885-1948) valued play she believed it gave children freedom to think, feel and relate to others. She said that children can’t in just classrooms sat at tables and write they need to move around and explore to learn too. * The Reggio Emilia approach had a number of key features that attracted worldwide attention these were: Community support and parental involvement. Administrative policies and organisational features. Teachers as learners. The role of the environment. Long-term projects as vehicles for learning. The hundred languages of children. * The highScope approach encourages children to make their own choice of activities. It encourages active and independent learning by involving children in the planning, doing and reviewing. They still have some adult- directed activities such as story- time and PE but they work around the plan – do – review cycle of planning its key features are Active learning Personal initiative Consistency Genuine relationships Building a strong partnership with parents Appropriate curriculum.

Analysis of Corporate Governance by Monks, Robert & Minow, Nell Article

Analysis of Corporate Governance by Monks, Robert & Minow, Nell - Article Example As a result, the managers strengthened the company’s governance by ensuring that their imperative efforts focused on their judicial systems reforms, property rights, and informational freedom as well as evaluating other institutions that were vital for realizing democratic market economies. In addition, Banca Comerciala Romana of Romania experienced successful cases of good corporate governance in 2004. Due to itemized corporate governance, the institution was able to access cheaper debt that made it possible for the bank and its affiliate rating agencies to access lower borrowing costs. Fitch Ratings upgraded both individual ratings and long-term counterparty ratings from C/D and BB- to D and B+ respectively. The company cited the upgrading of the ratings came because of the improvement of corporate governance. They were able to manage the bank’s risks that led to changes that brought the bank back to European Union standards hence acting as a role model for the other financial institutions in the region. Furthermore, good corporate governance brings success in companies since it helps facilitate profit-making operations. With good corporate governance, investors will not just assume whether the company will perform better, but knows it will perform best due to better corporate governance (Monks & Minow, 63).  Ã‚   According to the study, the companies transformed due to affirmed systems of good corporate governance. The refining and developing of standards of corporate governance often followed cases of failures within the subjugated company. For instance, in the late 1990s, there were bursts of high technology bubbles associated with telecommunication companies. As a result, there was the development of interests by both brokers and analysts that led to conflicts, underpinning the ability to introduce the principle that would bring advice and analysis into the new system of corporate governance. Enron is one of the companies that felt the heat of failed corporate governance as it pointed the source of its failures to the auditing committee. The auditor and audit committee was an independent body thus mistakes involved during corporate governance application led to deficiencies due to failed accounting standards. Enron’s system of corporate governance failed due to lack of advice and an alysis principles. Another failed case of corporate governance is that of Parmalat. The Parmalat is a group of companies in Italy that deals with dairy food business worldwide. In December 2003, the company’s management team announced the collapse of the company due to lack of funds and entered into the bankruptcy protection program.  Ã‚  

Development plan for strengthening scholarship and professional life Assignment

Development plan for strengthening scholarship and professional life - Assignment Example A scholarship enables an individual to make educational advancement in improving professional performance within the nursing profession. The personal development plan remains essential in ensuring improvement of both the professional and scholarship lives. Within the professional life as a nurse, the fundamental role remains the provision of nursing care to individuals who require the services. The functions undertaken as a nurse have been fundamental in determining the quality of services offered within the profession. The fundamental requirements in undertaking the various responsibilities include different skills, which are essential in performing various functions. Communication remains a basic requirement within this profession as individuals must communicate in seeking to gather information from individuals being provided with care. Effectiveness of the services delivered in the nursing profession remains highly dependent on effective communication. This enables one to understand the other individuals and the patients receiving care as well. Working relationships with other professional employees also presents a significant impact upon the services delivered within the healthcare sector. Many of the care services are provided by different professional in achieving holistic care. The relationships existing between these professional have fundamental effect in care delivery and establishment of good relationships remains a basic requirement for the ole of a nurse. Knowledge and understanding enables one to effectively manage the various situations which commonly face nurses within the profession. The knowledge is commonly gained from educational training and work experience, as well (Sinclair & Ferguson, 2009). This remains one of the fundamental aspects required in ensuring effective delivery of healthcare services. Continuous improvement of the above aspects remains

Rise of Nationalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Rise of Nationalism - Essay Example Through his works – from his writings, lectures to his activities – Sun Yat-sen was able to introduce doctrines that would form the foundation of Chinese nationalism. They served as the cause of the political movement that brought people together and the soul that lent fervor and passion to the demands for change. Nationalism played a role in China’s attempts to effectively pursue self-determination. The Qing dynasty was widely perceived as a bastard government having been established with the aid of Japan and existed with Japanese control. Even the Soviet Republic was threatening to control outer Mongolia (Linebarger, 2). The intellectual elite led by Sun Yat-sen rallied the people and effectively mobilized them in a struggle against the regime. The objective is to rid the country of foreign control by rising against the empire. Nationalism became the ideology that unified the people towards achieving this goal (Linebarger, 61). In 1911, the Qin dynasty was defeated and a nationalist government was finally

Conflict in America Legalizing Marijuana Research Paper

Conflict in America Legalizing Marijuana - Research Paper Example During the previous government, this drug was illegal; however, when Obama’s government took power, it legalized marijuana and several states followed suit. This did not amuse the federal government, who were opposed to the move; it criticized the act and even went forth to pronounce legal action on those states and people found trading marijuana. Since this is an issue that may threaten national stability in the United States, it can be resolved by having the two bodies harmonize and come up with the best solution, rather than living with disputes. Keywords: Marijuana, State Laws, Federal Laws Every new government in the US comes with its own laws that favor it; the laws made reflect the promises of the new government and its political party. During the reign of President George W. Bush between the years 2001 to 2009, the government had enforced laws against marijuana. It took actions against those who dealt with the drug. However, when the government of President Obama took office, there was a different approach on marijuana; the government no longer took actions against those who were trading on the drug. According to Morgan (2011), the attorney general announced that the government was no longer going to deal with issues of marijuana peddling anymore. The announcement caused a lot of uproar from those who did not support the idea. The memorandum by the attorney general acknowledged the presence of conflict on marijuana between the federal and the state laws. As at present, the federal laws prohibit all deals on marijuana and according to the US drug enforcement administration, marijuana lacks a safe way of using it and has a high potential of becoming abused (Morgan, 2011). On the other hand, the state laws do not conform to the federal laws. An example of this is California, which became the first state to legalize marijuana, and 15 other states soon followed it. The many conflicts surrounding marijuana are not only found at federal and state domain s. This issue is also present in the medical domain; there are two contrasting arguments of medics concerning marijuana, with one group arguing that the use of marijuana has no effect to the body and the other arguing that it has effects. The American thoracic society reported that most marijuana users had no increased lung infections, while the British lung foundation had filed a report in 2002 citing the adverse effects of marijuana in the human body (Morgan, 2011). Conflict on marijuana is a major issue and of great concern. The greatest effect to Obama’s government is in the political arena. This is because most of those who are opposed to the move could use this chance to ambush an attack to the government, especially given that during the reign of the Republican Party, Marijuana was banned. Democrats’ risk losing their popularity among anti-marijuana citizens and organizations. Most international organizations and nations classify marijuana as a drug and in most countries, its use and trade is prohibited and punished by law. Permission by American government to its citizens to trade and use marijuana offers risks to the country; these include risks of losing reputation amongst international communities among others. In the New York Times, Savage (2012) informs that, â€Å"Several had cautioned that the issue had raised several legal and complex issues†. The complex issues were based on international antidrug

Social and Cultural Factors Affecting Early Year's Education Provision Essay

Social and Cultural Factors Affecting Early Year's Education Provision in UK - Essay Example In practice, United Kingdom’s education system has a holistic purpose. United Kingdom’s education curriculum states that education is a conventional process in which the society intentionally channels its amassed dexterity, skills, knowledge, values and customs from one coeval to the other. Education is one of the fundamental units for an individual’s development and immiseration reduction. For the child to learn effectively, there are various factors that need to be weighed and evaluated (Hodgeson & Spours, 2008, p. 12). Children surrounded by a strong learning environment that is supportive and informative improve on their educational improvement. When considering the role of education and the desired goal and the result, it is necessary to observe where the current education system stands and the effects that have impacted upon it (Hodgeson & Spours, 2008, p. 20). Students exposed to underprivileged, and poor educational surrounding are at a high peril of a ne gative learning effect. United Kingdom has distinct metropolitan boroughs. Each borough has a different social set up. This paper will focus on Barking and Dagenham borough. The fact that children are particularly vulnerable makes early childhood education accomplishment a rough and tough experience. This is because there are social, cultural and economic factors that affect the provision of early childhood education. ... In adapting to the environment, the child assimilates and accommodates the new experiences within her or himself. Social factors are the elements within the society or social environment (Pugh & Duffy, 2006, p. 25). These elements include family, locality, political system, mobility rate and the child’s relations. Barking and Dagenham borough has a high number of educational institutions and a high number of learned and affluent adults. It is one of the most developing metropolitan boroughs in the region. Barking and Dagenham borough consists of affluent families and learned adults. A family is a social unit where related people live together. It can either affect early year’s education of a child positively or negatively (Pugh & Duffy, 2006, p. 30). Relatively, a parent’s education will affect the child’s education. An affluent parent has a high consideration for education and sets academic goals for the child. The educated parent has a higher access to e ducational resources for the child. A child with either one of the parents as a doctor or an engineer is motivated to attain a higher education level than the parent (Pugh & Duffy, 2006, p. 38). A community with educated and learned parents, such as Barking and Dagenham community will have a higher demand for education. From this fact, we can conclude that the parent's level of education in Barking and Dagenham determines a child’s early education provision in a given society or community. The family environment affects a child’s education (Pugh & Duffy, 2006, p. 45). From various studies conducted by the not-for-profit organizations across all the boroughs, most of families are peaceful, and cases of family violence are minimal. A peaceful